Ignet

Gene Pair Information

Gene Pair: PRKCA, INS

Related Sentences

#	PMID	Sentence
1	3527826	We have previously suggested that insulin effects on 2-deoxyglucose (2-DOG) uptake in BC3H-1 myocytes are due to increases in de novo phospholipid synthesis, diacylglycerol generation, and protein kinase C activation.
2	3527826	These findings support our hypothesis that diacylglycerol generation and protein kinase C activation may be important in the stimulation of glucose uptake by agents such as phenylephrine and insulin that activate the phosphoinositide cycle.
3	3803738	In perfused lean rat hearts, the activator of protein kinase C phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), when present alone, stimulates glucose transport but inhibits the insulin stimulation of this transport.
4	3803738	In contrast, none of these effects are observed in hearts and hepatocytes of obese animals, indicating an impaired protein kinase C activation in these tissues, which are insulin resistant.
5	3803738	Pretreatment of lean rats with PMA in vivo, aimed at downregulating protein kinase C, induces the same defects (i.e., insulin resistance and unresponsiveness to PMA) as those observed in hearts of untreated obese animals.
6	3149924	The roles of protein kinase C, calcium and calmodulin in mediating insulin-stimulated lipogenesis by rat adipocytes were investigated using the protein kinase C activator, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA); the protein kinase C inhibitors, H7 and polymixin B; the calcium ionophore, A23187; the calcium channel blocker, verapamil; and the calmodulin inhibitor, calmidazolium.
7	2541440	Protein kinase C agonists (phorbol ester and diacylglycerol) and agonist precursor (myoinositol) reversed the Na+ pump lesion, suggesting that protein kinase C-dependent phosphorylation of the 100-kDa subunit regulates Na+ pump activity and that insulin can influence erythrocyte protein kinase C activity.
8	2121569	Staurosporine, a protein kinase C inhibitor, blocked glyburide-, tolbutamide-, and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake.
9	2176470	Moreover, insulin administration for 5 days to diabetic animals did not affect their lowered intestinal polyphosphoinositide turnover, but did further accentuate their increased 1,2-diacylglycerol mass and synthesis de novo; this treatment also corrected total protein kinase C activity by increasing the cytosolic activity of this enzyme.
10	2176470	These results indicate that signalling mechanisms involving polyphosphoinositides, 1,2-diacylglycerol and protein kinase C are abnormal in the intestines of diabetic rats and that some of these biochemical parameters can be modulated by insulin administration in vivo.
11	2022306	The effect of activators of protein kinase C (PKC) on cytosolic concentration of free Ca2+ [( Ca2+]i) was assessed in insulin-secreting islet cell line HIT T-15.
12	1744120	When protein kinase C in the bovine aortic endothelial cells was down-regulated by preincubation with 8 x 10(-7) M PMA for 24 or 48 h, insulin was still able to increase ET-1 mRNA levels whereas PMA was ineffective.
13	1726909	Staurosporine, an inhibitor of protein kinase C, also blocked the effects of insulin on RNA synthesis.
14	8320278	In opposition to this view is the hypothesis that protein kinase C is not activated by insulin and, more importantly, may be responsible for attenuation of the insulin signal.
15	8122031	Insulin or PLC increased protein kinase C (PKC) activity in the membrane fraction in C, but not in DM.
16	7530592	We used ring segments of the rabbit facial artery mounted in a myograph to test the hypothesis that potentiation of NE-induced tone by insulin may be related to activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and tyrosine kinase (TK).
17	7705199	We examined effect of insulin or 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) on the subcellular redistribution of protein kinase C isoforms in rat adipocytes.
18	8914428	Several mechanisms mediated by hyperinsulinemia can be entertained as follows: 1) sodium and water retention, 2) increased sympathetic nerve activity and reduced catecholamine clearance, 3) increased intracellular calcium concentration and reduced magnesium concentration, 4) increased coagulant activity and impaired fibrinolytic activity, 5) impaired endothelium-dependent NO synthesis and release, 6) increased vascular responsiveness for the vasoactive substrates, 7) increased proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cell by activation of protein kinase C or mediated by insulin and IGF-1 action.
19	8922537	We examined insulin-mediated PKC beta I, beta II, and epsilon translocation from cytosol to cytoskeleton, and expression of PKC alpha, beta I, beta II, gamma, and epsilon isoforms using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method during treatment with insulin for 240 min in rat adipocytes.
20	10052864	Recent evidence suggests that activation of novel isoforms of protein kinase C (PKC) by diacylglycerol may mediate at least part of the adverse impact of FFAs on muscle insulin sensitivity.
21	10749857	We evaluated effects of the thiazolidinedione, rosiglitazone, on insulin-induced activation of protein kinase C (PKC)-zeta/lambda and glucose transport in adipocytes of Goto-Kakizaki (GK)-diabetic and nondiabetic rats.
22	11463795	Insulin controls glucose uptake by translocating GLUT4 and other glucose transporters to the plasma membrane in muscle and adipose tissues by a mechanism that appears to require protein kinase C (PKC)-zeta/lambda operating downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase.
23	11916925	This insulin resistance was associated with impaired insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-2-associated phosphatidylinositol 3' (PI3) kinase activation and IRS-2 tyrosine phosphorylation as well as significantly decreased protein kinase C (PKC)-zeta/lambda activation in response to insulin.
24	12011047	In this study, subjecting rat islets to oxidative stress activates JNK, p38 MAPK, and protein kinase C, preceding the decrease of insulin gene expression.
25	12011047	Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of dominant-negative type (DN) JNK, but not the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 nor the protein kinase C inhibitor GF109203X, protected insulin gene expression and secretion from oxidative stress.
26	12941762	Downstream PI 3-kinase, activation of Akt, glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3 (alpha and beta isoforms), Foxo1, and atypical protein kinase C were blunted in insulin-stimulated IRS-2(-/-) cells.
27	12960081	Under euglycemic and hyperglycemic conditions, basal and insulin-stimulated action on phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase, protein kinase B/Akt, and ERK were reduced in GK rats, whereas insulin-stimulated protein kinase C (PKC)zeta activity was not altered.
28	14962991	Tacrolimus suppressed insulin secretion induced by carbachol and by a protein kinase C agonist in the presence or absence of extracellular Ca(2+).
29	16087719	We have investigated, in isolated rat adipocytes, the changes caused by GLP-1, Ex-4 and Ex-9 compared with those provoked by insulin or glucagon, upon the activity of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (PKB), p42/44 MAP kinases (MAPKs) and p70s6 kinase (p70s6k), and the participation of these kinases and protein kinase C (PKC) in their action upon 2-deoxy-d-glucose uptake, lipolysis and lipogenesis.
30	16293713	In contrast, PD98059 (2'-amino-3'-methoxyflavone), an inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, SP600125 (1,9-pyrazoloanthrone), an inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase, SB203580 [4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-methylsulfinylphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)1H-imadazole], an inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, or bisindolylmaleimide, a broad spectrum inhibitor of protein kinase C, did not inhibit the insulin-mediated increase in alpha-class GST protein levels in hepatocytes.
31	16505220	Furthermore, diminished levels and/or activation of PKCalpha, PKCepsilon, PKCtheta, and PKCzeta could be part of the defective signals downstream to glucose metabolism responsible for the deranged insulin secretion in the GK rat.
32	16505232	Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) in vascular tissue is associated with endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance.
33	16505232	In endothelial cell culture, overexpression of PKCbeta1 and -beta2, but not PKCalpha, -delta, or -zeta, decreased insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and eNOS expression.
34	17028898	Insulin-stimulated glucose transport in muscle is impaired in obesity and type 2 diabetes, but alterations in levels of relevant signalling factors, i.e. atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) and protein kinase B (PKB/Akt), are still uncertain.
35	17885426	Fatty acids appeared to compromise insulin signaling by protein kinase C activation.
36	18207474	DAG is identified as a potential mediator of lipid-induced insulin resistance, as increased DAG levels are associated with protein kinase C activation and a reduction in both insulin-stimulated IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation and PI3 kinase activity.
37	20569275	As protein kinase C (PKC) activation is consistently present in skeletal muscle of obese and insulin resistant subjects, we generated a transgenic mouse model that overexpresses constitutively active PKC-beta(2) in skeletal muscle to test whether activation of PKC is sufficient to cause an aversive whole-body phenotype.
38	20714510	This region binds PED/PEA15 with the same efficacy as D4 (K(D) approximately 0.7 microM) and, when transfected in different PED/PEA15-overexpressing cells, it is able to reduce PKC-alpha activity and to restore the sensitivity of PKC-zeta to insulin stimulation, independently of the PI3K/Akt signalling.
39	21451535	Protein kinase C inhibitors are able to overcome insulin resistance, offering new hopes for the treatment of the condition.
40	10751221	PKCalpha, PKCdelta, PKCepsilon, and PKCmu isoforms found in preglomerular vessels were upregulated by captopril and high insulin doses, respectively, whereas no such regulation occurred in glomeruli.
41	17567939	Insulin increased protein kinase C (PKC) activity and caused G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) translocation to the membranes.
42	16203173	Other studies have shown defects in insulin signaling possibly secondary to activation of Protein Kinase C resulting from the accumulation of active fatty acyl CoA's.
43	21810595	By analogy to pancreatic ?-cells where GLP-1 activates protein kinase C (PKC) to stimulate insulin secretion, we postulated that PKC enzymes would be molecular targets of brain GLP-1 signaling that regulate metabolic and vascular function.