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PMID |
Sentence |
1 |
6589235
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In agreement with the findings of others, the strongest positive associations between IDDM and HLA antigens were seen with DR3 and DR4 (odds ratios (OR) of 3.5 and 4.4, respectively), while a very strong negative association was observed with DR2 (OR of 0.1).
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2 |
3489237
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Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility determinants are known to be associated with both HLA-DR3 and -DR4.
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3 |
3125628
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The frequencies of both DR3 and DR4 were significantly increased among IDDM patients (resp. p = 0.02, p = 0.01), confirming results in other populations.
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4 |
3400091
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In the "cis" situation (haplotype), the highest relative risks (RR) for IDDM were borne by multiloci allelic associations, mainly DR/complement alleles, rather than by DR3 or DR4 considered alone.
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5 |
3264044
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However, in general, DR4 is associated with IDDM only in populations with white ancestry with high rates of IDDM.
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6 |
3264044
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The frequency of IDDM in American blacks relative to that in American whites (20% to 30%) approximates the frequency of the American black gene pool that is white-derived (also 20% to 30%), and DR4 is associated with IDDM in American blacks but not in African blacks.
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7 |
2564383
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Therefore, eight of nine DR4/w8 IDDM patients seemed to be DR4,DQw8/DRw8,DQw4, which, thus, may be associated with susceptibility to develop IDDM.
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8 |
2617513
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We have examined 14 Japanese IDDM patients, selected to be either DR4 or DRw9 (associated to IDDM among Japanese).
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9 |
2629160
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In comparison to IDDM that is associated with both DR3 and DR4 in this population, MRDM showed no significant differences in HLA class II antigens frequencies.
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10 |
2384193
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Although DR3 and DR4 were positively associated with IDDM in the probands of 123 northern European, 94 Ashkenazi Jewish, and 49 New York Hispanic families, significant excess of DR*3/4 heterozygotes was observed only among the probands from families of northern European ancestry.
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11 |
2096182
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Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with several DR3- or DR4-containing ancestral haplotypes (AHs).
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12 |
2096182
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The MHC contains several regions of potential interest in relation to susceptibility to IDDM; these may explain the association with only certain DR3- and DR4-carrying AH and DR3,4 heterozygosity in terms of cis and trans interactions.
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